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# coding=utf-8
# pynput
# Copyright (C) 2015-2024 Moses Palmér
#
# This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under
# the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by the Free
# Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or (at your option) any
# later version.
#
# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
# ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS
# FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU Lesser General Public License for more
# details.
#
# You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
# along with this program. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
"""
General utility functions and classes.
"""
# pylint: disable=R0903
# We implement minimal mixins
# pylint: disable=W0212
# We implement an internal API
import contextlib
import functools
import importlib
import inspect
import os
import sys
import threading
import time
import six
from six.moves import queue
#: Possible resolutions for import related errors.
RESOLUTIONS = {
'darwin': 'Please make sure that you have Python bindings for the '
'system frameworks installed',
'uinput': 'Please make sure that you are running as root, and that '
'the utility dumpkeys is installed',
'xorg': 'Please make sure that you have an X server running, and that '
'the DISPLAY environment variable is set correctly'}
def backend(package):
"""Returns the backend module for a package.
:param str package: The package for which to load a backend.
"""
backend_name = os.environ.get(
'PYNPUT_BACKEND_{}'.format(package.rsplit('.')[-1].upper()),
os.environ.get('PYNPUT_BACKEND', None))
if backend_name:
modules = [backend_name]
elif sys.platform == 'darwin':
modules = ['darwin']
elif sys.platform == 'win32':
modules = ['win32']
else:
modules = ['xorg']
errors = []
resolutions = []
for module in modules:
try:
return importlib.import_module('._' + module, package)
except ImportError as e:
errors.append(e)
if module in RESOLUTIONS:
resolutions.append(RESOLUTIONS[module])
raise ImportError('this platform is not supported: {}'.format(
'; '.join(str(e) for e in errors)) + ('\n\n'
'Try one of the following resolutions:\n\n'
+ '\n\n'.join(
' * {}'.format(s)
for s in resolutions))
if resolutions else '')
def prefix(base, cls):
"""Calculates the prefix to use for platform specific options for a
specific class.
The prefix if the name of the module containing the class that is an
immediate subclass of ``base`` among the super classes of ``cls``.
"""
for super_cls in filter(
lambda cls: issubclass(cls, base),
cls.__mro__[1:]):
if super_cls is base:
return cls.__module__.rsplit('.', 1)[-1][1:] + '_'
else:
result = prefix(base, super_cls)
if result is not None:
return result
class AbstractListener(threading.Thread):
"""A class implementing the basic behaviour for event listeners.
Instances of this class can be used as context managers. This is equivalent
to the following code::
listener.start()
listener.wait()
try:
with_statements()
finally:
listener.stop()
Actual implementations of this class must set the attribute ``_log``, which
must be an instance of :class:`logging.Logger`.
:param bool suppress: Whether to suppress events. Setting this to ``True``
will prevent the input events from being passed to the rest of the
system.
:param kwargs: A mapping from callback attribute to callback handler. All
handlers will be wrapped in a function reading the return value of the
callback, and if it ``is False``, raising :class:`StopException`.
Any callback that is falsy will be ignored.
"""
class StopException(Exception):
"""If an event listener callback raises this exception, the current
listener is stopped.
"""
pass
#: Exceptions that are handled outside of the emitter and should thus not
#: be passed through the queue
_HANDLED_EXCEPTIONS = tuple()
def __init__(self, suppress=False, **kwargs):
super(AbstractListener, self).__init__()
def wrapper(f):
def inner(*args):
if f(*args) is False:
raise self.StopException()
return inner
self._suppress = suppress
self._running = False
self._thread = threading.current_thread()
self._condition = threading.Condition()
self._ready = False
# Allow multiple calls to stop
self._queue = queue.Queue(10)
self.daemon = True
for name, callback in kwargs.items():
setattr(self, name, wrapper(callback))
@property
def suppress(self):
"""Whether to suppress events.
"""
return self._suppress
@property
def running(self):
"""Whether the listener is currently running.
"""
return self._running
def stop(self):
"""Stops listening for events.
When this method returns, no more events will be delivered. Once this
method has been called, the listener instance cannot be used any more,
since a listener is a :class:`threading.Thread`, and once stopped it
cannot be restarted.
To resume listening for event, a new listener must be created.
"""
if self._running:
self._running = False
self._queue.put(None)
self._stop_platform()
def __enter__(self):
self.start()
self.wait()
return self
def __exit__(self, exc_type, value, traceback):
self.stop()
def wait(self):
"""Waits for this listener to become ready.
"""
self._condition.acquire()
while not self._ready:
self._condition.wait()
self._condition.release()
def run(self):
"""The thread runner method.
"""
self._running = True
self._thread = threading.current_thread()
self._run()
# Make sure that the queue contains something
self._queue.put(None)
@classmethod
def _emitter(cls, f):
"""A decorator to mark a method as the one emitting the callbacks.
This decorator will wrap the method and catch exception. If a
:class:`StopException` is caught, the listener will be stopped
gracefully. If any other exception is caught, it will be propagated to
the thread calling :meth:`join` and reraised there.
"""
@functools.wraps(f)
def inner(self, *args, **kwargs):
# pylint: disable=W0702; we want to catch all exception
try:
return f(self, *args, **kwargs)
except Exception as e:
if not isinstance(e, self._HANDLED_EXCEPTIONS):
if not isinstance(e, AbstractListener.StopException):
self._log.exception(
'Unhandled exception in listener callback')
self._queue.put(
None if isinstance(e, cls.StopException)
else sys.exc_info())
self.stop()
raise
# pylint: enable=W0702
return inner
def _mark_ready(self):
"""Marks this listener as ready to receive events.
This method must be called from :meth:`_run`. :meth:`wait` will block
until this method is called.
"""
self._condition.acquire()
self._ready = True
self._condition.notify()
self._condition.release()
def _run(self):
"""The implementation of the :meth:`run` method.
This is a platform dependent implementation.
"""
raise NotImplementedError()
def _stop_platform(self):
"""The implementation of the :meth:`stop` method.
This is a platform dependent implementation.
"""
raise NotImplementedError()
def _wrap(self, f, args):
"""Wraps a callable to make it accept ``args`` number of arguments.
:param f: The callable to wrap. If this is ``None`` a no-op wrapper is
returned.
:param int args: The number of arguments to accept.
:raises ValueError: if f requires more than ``args`` arguments
"""
if f is None:
return lambda *a: None
else:
argspec = inspect.getfullargspec(f)
actual = len(inspect.signature(f).parameters)
defaults = len(argspec.defaults) if argspec.defaults else 0
if actual - defaults > args:
raise ValueError(f)
elif actual >= args or argspec.varargs is not None:
return f
else:
return lambda *a: f(*a[:actual])
def join(self, timeout=None, *args):
start = time.time()
super(AbstractListener, self).join(timeout, *args)
timeout = max(0.0, timeout - (time.time() - start)) \
if timeout is not None \
else None
# Reraise any exceptions; make sure not to block if a timeout was
# provided
try:
exc_type, exc_value, exc_traceback = self._queue.get(
timeout=timeout)
six.reraise(exc_type, exc_value, exc_traceback)
except queue.Empty:
pass
except TypeError:
return
class Events(object):
"""A base class to enable iterating over events.
"""
#: The listener class providing events.
_Listener = None
class Event(object):
def __str__(self):
return '{}({})'.format(
self.__class__.__name__,
', '.join(
'{}={}'.format(k, v)
for (k, v) in vars(self).items()))
def __eq__(self, other):
return self.__class__ == other.__class__ \
and dir(self) == dir(other) \
and all(
getattr(self, k) == getattr(other, k)
for k in dir(self))
def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
super(Events, self).__init__()
self._event_queue = queue.Queue()
self._sentinel = object()
self._listener = self._Listener(*args, **{
key: self._event_mapper(value)
for (key, value) in kwargs.items()})
self.start = self._listener.start
def __enter__(self):
self._listener.__enter__()
return self
def __exit__(self, *args):
self._listener.__exit__(*args)
# Drain the queue to ensure that the put does not block
while True:
try:
self._event_queue.get_nowait()
except queue.Empty:
break
self._event_queue.put(self._sentinel)
def __iter__(self):
return self
def __next__(self):
event = self.get()
if event is not None:
return event
else:
raise StopIteration()
def get(self, timeout=None):
"""Attempts to read the next event.
:param int timeout: An optional timeout. If this is not provided, this
method may block infinitely.
:return: the next event, or ``None`` if the source has been stopped or
no events were received
"""
try:
event = self._event_queue.get(timeout=timeout)
return event if event is not self._sentinel else None
except queue.Empty:
return None
def _event_mapper(self, event):
"""Generates an event callback to transforms the callback arguments to
an event and then publishes it.
:param callback event: A function generating an event object.
:return: a callback
"""
@functools.wraps(event)
def inner(*args):
try:
self._event_queue.put(event(*args), block=False)
except queue.Full:
pass
return inner
class NotifierMixin(object):
"""A mixin for notifiers of fake events.
This mixin can be used for controllers on platforms where sending fake
events does not cause a listener to receive a notification.
"""
def _emit(self, action, *args):
"""Sends a notification to all registered listeners.
This method will ensure that listeners that raise
:class:`StopException` are stopped.
:param str action: The name of the notification.
:param args: The arguments to pass.
"""
stopped = []
for listener in self._listeners():
try:
getattr(listener, action)(*args)
except listener.StopException:
stopped.append(listener)
for listener in stopped:
listener.stop()
@classmethod
def _receiver(cls, listener_class):
"""A decorator to make a class able to receive fake events from a
controller.
This decorator will add the method ``_receive`` to the decorated class.
This method is a context manager which ensures that all calls to
:meth:`_emit` will invoke the named method in the listener instance
while the block is active.
"""
@contextlib.contextmanager
def receive(self):
"""Executes a code block with this listener instance registered as
a receiver of fake input events.
"""
self._controller_class._add_listener(self)
try:
yield
finally:
self._controller_class._remove_listener(self)
listener_class._receive = receive
listener_class._controller_class = cls
# Make sure this class has the necessary attributes
if not hasattr(cls, '_listener_cache'):
cls._listener_cache = set()
cls._listener_lock = threading.Lock()
return listener_class
@classmethod
def _listeners(cls):
"""Iterates over the set of running listeners.
This method will quit without acquiring the lock if the set is empty,
so there is potential for race conditions. This is an optimisation,
since :class:`Controller` will need to call this method for every
control event.
"""
if not cls._listener_cache:
return
with cls._listener_lock:
for listener in cls._listener_cache:
yield listener
@classmethod
def _add_listener(cls, listener):
"""Adds a listener to the set of running listeners.
:param listener: The listener for fake events.
"""
with cls._listener_lock:
cls._listener_cache.add(listener)
@classmethod
def _remove_listener(cls, listener):
"""Removes this listener from the set of running listeners.
:param listener: The listener for fake events.
"""
with cls._listener_lock:
cls._listener_cache.remove(listener)

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# coding=utf-8
# pynput
# Copyright (C) 2015-2024 Moses Palmér
#
# This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under
# the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by the Free
# Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or (at your option) any
# later version.
#
# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
# ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS
# FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU Lesser General Public License for more
# details.
#
# You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
# along with this program. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
"""
Utility functions and classes for the *Darwin* backend.
"""
# pylint: disable=C0103
# pylint: disable=R0903
# This module contains wrapper classes
import contextlib
import ctypes
import ctypes.util
import six
import objc
import HIServices
from CoreFoundation import (
CFRelease
)
from Quartz import (
CFMachPortCreateRunLoopSource,
CFRunLoopAddSource,
CFRunLoopGetCurrent,
CFRunLoopRunInMode,
CFRunLoopStop,
CGEventGetIntegerValueField,
CGEventTapCreate,
CGEventTapEnable,
kCFRunLoopDefaultMode,
kCFRunLoopRunTimedOut,
kCGEventSourceUnixProcessID,
kCGEventTapOptionDefault,
kCGEventTapOptionListenOnly,
kCGHeadInsertEventTap,
kCGSessionEventTap)
from . import AbstractListener
def _wrap_value(value):
"""Converts a pointer to a *Python objc* value.
:param value: The pointer to convert.
:return: a wrapped value
"""
return objc.objc_object(c_void_p=value) if value is not None else None
@contextlib.contextmanager
def _wrapped(value):
"""A context manager that converts a raw pointer to a *Python objc* value.
When the block is exited, the value is released.
:param value: The raw value to wrap.
"""
wrapped_value = _wrap_value(value)
try:
yield value
finally:
CFRelease(wrapped_value)
class CarbonExtra(object):
"""A class exposing some missing functionality from *Carbon* as class
attributes.
"""
_Carbon = ctypes.cdll.LoadLibrary(ctypes.util.find_library('Carbon'))
_Carbon.TISCopyCurrentKeyboardInputSource.argtypes = []
_Carbon.TISCopyCurrentKeyboardInputSource.restype = ctypes.c_void_p
_Carbon.TISCopyCurrentASCIICapableKeyboardLayoutInputSource.argtypes = []
_Carbon.TISCopyCurrentASCIICapableKeyboardLayoutInputSource.restype = \
ctypes.c_void_p
_Carbon.TISGetInputSourceProperty.argtypes = [
ctypes.c_void_p, ctypes.c_void_p]
_Carbon.TISGetInputSourceProperty.restype = ctypes.c_void_p
_Carbon.LMGetKbdType.argtypes = []
_Carbon.LMGetKbdType.restype = ctypes.c_uint32
_Carbon.UCKeyTranslate.argtypes = [
ctypes.c_void_p,
ctypes.c_uint16,
ctypes.c_uint16,
ctypes.c_uint32,
ctypes.c_uint32,
ctypes.c_uint32,
ctypes.POINTER(ctypes.c_uint32),
ctypes.c_uint8,
ctypes.POINTER(ctypes.c_uint8),
ctypes.c_uint16 * 4]
_Carbon.UCKeyTranslate.restype = ctypes.c_uint32
TISCopyCurrentKeyboardInputSource = \
_Carbon.TISCopyCurrentKeyboardInputSource
TISCopyCurrentASCIICapableKeyboardLayoutInputSource = \
_Carbon.TISCopyCurrentASCIICapableKeyboardLayoutInputSource
kTISPropertyUnicodeKeyLayoutData = ctypes.c_void_p.in_dll(
_Carbon, 'kTISPropertyUnicodeKeyLayoutData')
TISGetInputSourceProperty = \
_Carbon.TISGetInputSourceProperty
LMGetKbdType = \
_Carbon.LMGetKbdType
kUCKeyActionDisplay = 3
kUCKeyTranslateNoDeadKeysBit = 0
UCKeyTranslate = \
_Carbon.UCKeyTranslate
@contextlib.contextmanager
def keycode_context():
"""Returns an opaque value representing a context for translating keycodes
to strings.
"""
keyboard_type, layout_data = None, None
for source in [
CarbonExtra.TISCopyCurrentKeyboardInputSource,
CarbonExtra.TISCopyCurrentASCIICapableKeyboardLayoutInputSource]:
with _wrapped(source()) as keyboard:
keyboard_type = CarbonExtra.LMGetKbdType()
layout = _wrap_value(CarbonExtra.TISGetInputSourceProperty(
keyboard,
CarbonExtra.kTISPropertyUnicodeKeyLayoutData))
layout_data = layout.bytes().tobytes() if layout else None
if keyboard is not None and layout_data is not None:
break
yield (keyboard_type, layout_data)
def keycode_to_string(context, keycode, modifier_state=0):
"""Converts a keycode to a string.
"""
LENGTH = 4
keyboard_type, layout_data = context
dead_key_state = ctypes.c_uint32()
length = ctypes.c_uint8()
unicode_string = (ctypes.c_uint16 * LENGTH)()
CarbonExtra.UCKeyTranslate(
layout_data,
keycode,
CarbonExtra.kUCKeyActionDisplay,
modifier_state,
keyboard_type,
CarbonExtra.kUCKeyTranslateNoDeadKeysBit,
ctypes.byref(dead_key_state),
LENGTH,
ctypes.byref(length),
unicode_string)
return u''.join(
six.unichr(unicode_string[i])
for i in range(length.value))
def get_unicode_to_keycode_map():
"""Returns a mapping from unicode strings to virtual key codes.
:return: a dict mapping key codes to strings
"""
with keycode_context() as context:
return {
keycode_to_string(context, keycode): keycode
for keycode in range(128)}
class ListenerMixin(object):
"""A mixin for *Quartz* event listeners.
Subclasses should set a value for :attr:`_EVENTS` and implement
:meth:`_handle_message`.
"""
#: The events that we listen to
_EVENTS = tuple()
#: Whether this process is trusted to monitor input events.
IS_TRUSTED = False
def _run(self):
self.IS_TRUSTED = HIServices.AXIsProcessTrusted()
if not self.IS_TRUSTED:
self._log.warning(
'This process is not trusted! Input event monitoring will not '
'be possible until it is added to accessibility clients.')
self._loop = None
try:
tap = self._create_event_tap()
if tap is None:
self._mark_ready()
return
loop_source = CFMachPortCreateRunLoopSource(
None, tap, 0)
self._loop = CFRunLoopGetCurrent()
CFRunLoopAddSource(
self._loop, loop_source, kCFRunLoopDefaultMode)
CGEventTapEnable(tap, True)
self._mark_ready()
# pylint: disable=W0702; we want to silence errors
try:
while self.running:
result = CFRunLoopRunInMode(
kCFRunLoopDefaultMode, 1, False)
try:
if result != kCFRunLoopRunTimedOut:
break
except AttributeError:
# This happens during teardown of the virtual machine
break
except:
# This exception will have been passed to the main thread
pass
# pylint: enable=W0702
finally:
self._loop = None
def _stop_platform(self):
# The base class sets the running flag to False; this will cause the
# loop around run loop invocations to terminate and set this event
try:
if self._loop is not None:
CFRunLoopStop(self._loop)
except AttributeError:
# The loop may not have been created
pass
def _create_event_tap(self):
"""Creates the event tap used by the listener.
:return: an event tap
"""
return CGEventTapCreate(
kCGSessionEventTap,
kCGHeadInsertEventTap,
kCGEventTapOptionListenOnly if (
True
and not self.suppress
and self._intercept is None)
else kCGEventTapOptionDefault,
self._EVENTS,
self._handler,
None)
@AbstractListener._emitter
def _handler(self, proxy, event_type, event, refcon):
"""The callback registered with *macOS* for mouse events.
This method will call the callbacks registered on initialisation.
"""
# An injected event will have a Unix process ID attached
is_injected = (CGEventGetIntegerValueField(
event,
kCGEventSourceUnixProcessID)) != 0
self._handle_message(proxy, event_type, event, refcon, is_injected)
if self._intercept is not None:
return self._intercept(event_type, event)
elif self.suppress:
return None
def _handle_message(self, proxy, event_type, event, refcon):
"""The device specific callback handler.
This method calls the appropriate callback registered when this
listener was created based on the event.
"""
raise NotImplementedError()

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# coding: utf-8
# pynput
# Copyright (C) 2015-2024 Moses Palmér
#
# This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under
# the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by the Free
# Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or (at your option) any
# later version.
#
# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
# ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS
# FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU Lesser General Public License for more
# details.
#
# You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
# along with this program. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
# pylint: disable=C0111,C0302
SYMBOLS = {
0: 'a',
1: 's',
2: 'd',
3: 'f',
4: 'h',
5: 'g',
6: 'z',
7: 'x',
8: 'c',
9: 'v',
11: 'b',
12: 'q',
13: 'w',
14: 'e',
15: 'r',
16: 'y',
17: 't',
18: '1',
19: '2',
20: '3',
21: '4',
22: '6',
23: '5',
24: '=',
25: '9',
26: '7',
27: '-',
28: '8',
29: '0',
30: ']',
31: 'o',
32: 'u',
33: '[',
34: 'i',
35: 'p',
37: 'l',
38: 'j',
39: '\'',
40: 'k',
41: ';',
42: '\\',
43: ',',
44: '/',
45: 'n',
46: 'm',
47: '.',
49: ' ',
50: '`',
82: '0',
83: '1',
84: '2',
85: '3',
86: '4',
87: '5',
88: '6',
89: '7',
91: '8',
92: '9',
}

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# coding=utf-8
# pynput
# Copyright (C) 2015-2024 Moses Palmér
#
# This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under
# the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by the Free
# Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or (at your option) any
# later version.
#
# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
# ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS
# FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU Lesser General Public License for more
# details.
#
# You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
# along with this program. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
"""
Utility functions and classes for the *uinput* backend.
"""
# pylint: disable=R0903
# We implement stubs
import evdev
# Check that we have permissions to continue
def _check():
# TODO: Implement!
pass
_check()
del _check
class ListenerMixin(object):
"""A mixin for *uinput* event listeners.
Subclasses should set a value for :attr:`_EVENTS` and implement
:meth:`_handle_message`.
"""
#: The events for which to listen
_EVENTS = tuple()
def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
super(ListenerMixin, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)
self._dev = self._device(self._options.get(
'device_paths',
evdev.list_devices()))
if self.suppress:
self._dev.grab()
def _run(self):
for event in self._dev.read_loop():
if event.type in self._EVENTS:
self._handle_message(event)
def _stop_platform(self):
self._dev.close()
def _device(self, paths):
"""Attempts to load a readable keyboard device.
:param paths: A list of paths.
:return: a compatible device
"""
dev, count = None, 0
for path in paths:
# Open the device
try:
next_dev = evdev.InputDevice(path)
except OSError:
continue
# Does this device provide more handled event codes?
capabilities = next_dev.capabilities()
next_count = sum(
len(codes)
for event, codes in capabilities.items()
if event in self._EVENTS)
if next_count > count:
dev = next_dev
count = next_count
else:
next_dev.close()
if dev is None:
raise OSError('no keyboard device available')
else:
return dev
def _handle_message(self, event):
"""Handles a single event.
This method should call one of the registered event callbacks.
:param event: The event.
"""
raise NotImplementedError()

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# coding=utf-8
# pynput
# Copyright (C) 2015-2024 Moses Palmér
#
# This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under
# the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by the Free
# Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or (at your option) any
# later version.
#
# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
# ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS
# FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU Lesser General Public License for more
# details.
#
# You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
# along with this program. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
"""
Utility functions and classes for the *win32* backend.
"""
# pylint: disable=C0103
# We want to make it obvious how structs are related
# pylint: disable=R0903
# This module contains a number of structs
import contextlib
import ctypes
import itertools
import threading
from ctypes import (
windll,
wintypes)
from . import AbstractListener, win32_vks as VK
# LPDWORD is not in ctypes.wintypes on Python 2
if not hasattr(wintypes, 'LPDWORD'):
wintypes.LPDWORD = ctypes.POINTER(wintypes.DWORD)
class MOUSEINPUT(ctypes.Structure):
"""Contains information about a simulated mouse event.
"""
MOVE = 0x0001
LEFTDOWN = 0x0002
LEFTUP = 0x0004
RIGHTDOWN = 0x0008
RIGHTUP = 0x0010
MIDDLEDOWN = 0x0020
MIDDLEUP = 0x0040
XDOWN = 0x0080
XUP = 0x0100
WHEEL = 0x0800
HWHEEL = 0x1000
ABSOLUTE = 0x8000
XBUTTON1 = 0x0001
XBUTTON2 = 0x0002
_fields_ = [
('dx', wintypes.LONG),
('dy', wintypes.LONG),
('mouseData', wintypes.DWORD),
('dwFlags', wintypes.DWORD),
('time', wintypes.DWORD),
('dwExtraInfo', ctypes.c_void_p)]
class KEYBDINPUT(ctypes.Structure):
"""Contains information about a simulated keyboard event.
"""
EXTENDEDKEY = 0x0001
KEYUP = 0x0002
SCANCODE = 0x0008
UNICODE = 0x0004
_fields_ = [
('wVk', wintypes.WORD),
('wScan', wintypes.WORD),
('dwFlags', wintypes.DWORD),
('time', wintypes.DWORD),
('dwExtraInfo', ctypes.c_void_p)]
class HARDWAREINPUT(ctypes.Structure):
"""Contains information about a simulated message generated by an input
device other than a keyboard or mouse.
"""
_fields_ = [
('uMsg', wintypes.DWORD),
('wParamL', wintypes.WORD),
('wParamH', wintypes.WORD)]
class INPUT_union(ctypes.Union):
"""Represents the union of input types in :class:`INPUT`.
"""
_fields_ = [
('mi', MOUSEINPUT),
('ki', KEYBDINPUT),
('hi', HARDWAREINPUT)]
class INPUT(ctypes.Structure):
"""Used by :attr:`SendInput` to store information for synthesizing input
events such as keystrokes, mouse movement, and mouse clicks.
"""
MOUSE = 0
KEYBOARD = 1
HARDWARE = 2
_fields_ = [
('type', wintypes.DWORD),
('value', INPUT_union)]
LPINPUT = ctypes.POINTER(INPUT)
VkKeyScan = windll.user32.VkKeyScanW
VkKeyScan.argtypes = (
wintypes.WCHAR,)
MapVirtualKey = windll.user32.MapVirtualKeyW
MapVirtualKey.argtypes = (
wintypes.UINT,
wintypes.UINT)
MapVirtualKey.MAPVK_VK_TO_VSC = 0
SendInput = windll.user32.SendInput
SendInput.argtypes = (
wintypes.UINT,
ctypes.c_voidp, # Really LPINPUT
ctypes.c_int)
GetCurrentThreadId = windll.kernel32.GetCurrentThreadId
GetCurrentThreadId.restype = wintypes.DWORD
class MessageLoop(object):
"""A class representing a message loop.
"""
#: The message that signals this loop to terminate
WM_STOP = 0x0401
_LPMSG = ctypes.POINTER(wintypes.MSG)
_GetMessage = windll.user32.GetMessageW
_GetMessage.argtypes = (
ctypes.c_voidp, # Really _LPMSG
wintypes.HWND,
wintypes.UINT,
wintypes.UINT)
_PeekMessage = windll.user32.PeekMessageW
_PeekMessage.argtypes = (
ctypes.c_voidp, # Really _LPMSG
wintypes.HWND,
wintypes.UINT,
wintypes.UINT,
wintypes.UINT)
_PostThreadMessage = windll.user32.PostThreadMessageW
_PostThreadMessage.argtypes = (
wintypes.DWORD,
wintypes.UINT,
wintypes.WPARAM,
wintypes.LPARAM)
PM_NOREMOVE = 0
def __init__(self):
self._threadid = None
self._event = threading.Event()
self.thread = None
def __iter__(self):
"""Initialises the message loop and yields all messages until
:meth:`stop` is called.
:raises AssertionError: if :meth:`start` has not been called
"""
assert self._threadid is not None
try:
# Pump messages until WM_STOP
while True:
msg = wintypes.MSG()
lpmsg = ctypes.byref(msg)
r = self._GetMessage(lpmsg, None, 0, 0)
if r <= 0 or msg.message == self.WM_STOP:
break
else:
yield msg
finally:
self._threadid = None
self.thread = None
def start(self):
"""Starts the message loop.
This method must be called before iterating over messages, and it must
be called from the same thread.
"""
self._threadid = GetCurrentThreadId()
self.thread = threading.current_thread()
# Create the message loop
msg = wintypes.MSG()
lpmsg = ctypes.byref(msg)
self._PeekMessage(lpmsg, None, 0x0400, 0x0400, self.PM_NOREMOVE)
# Set the event to signal to other threads that the loop is created
self._event.set()
def stop(self):
"""Stops the message loop.
"""
self._event.wait()
if self._threadid:
self.post(self.WM_STOP, 0, 0)
def post(self, msg, wparam, lparam):
"""Posts a message to this message loop.
:param ctypes.wintypes.UINT msg: The message.
:param ctypes.wintypes.WPARAM wparam: The value of ``wParam``.
:param ctypes.wintypes.LPARAM lparam: The value of ``lParam``.
"""
self._PostThreadMessage(self._threadid, msg, wparam, lparam)
class SystemHook(object):
"""A class to handle Windows hooks.
"""
#: The hook action value for actions we should check
HC_ACTION = 0
_HOOKPROC = ctypes.WINFUNCTYPE(
wintypes.LPARAM,
ctypes.c_int32, wintypes.WPARAM, wintypes.LPARAM)
_SetWindowsHookEx = windll.user32.SetWindowsHookExW
_SetWindowsHookEx.argtypes = (
ctypes.c_int,
_HOOKPROC,
wintypes.HINSTANCE,
wintypes.DWORD)
_UnhookWindowsHookEx = windll.user32.UnhookWindowsHookEx
_UnhookWindowsHookEx.argtypes = (
wintypes.HHOOK,)
_CallNextHookEx = windll.user32.CallNextHookEx
_CallNextHookEx.argtypes = (
wintypes.HHOOK,
ctypes.c_int,
wintypes.WPARAM,
wintypes.LPARAM)
#: The registered hook procedures
_HOOKS = {}
class SuppressException(Exception):
"""An exception raised by a hook callback to suppress further
propagation of events.
"""
pass
def __init__(self, hook_id, on_hook=lambda code, msg, lpdata: None):
self.hook_id = hook_id
self.on_hook = on_hook
self._hook = None
def __enter__(self):
key = threading.current_thread().ident
assert key not in self._HOOKS
# Add ourself to lookup table and install the hook
self._HOOKS[key] = self
self._hook = self._SetWindowsHookEx(
self.hook_id,
self._handler,
None,
0)
return self
def __exit__(self, exc_type, value, traceback):
key = threading.current_thread().ident
assert key in self._HOOKS
if self._hook is not None:
# Uninstall the hook and remove ourself from lookup table
self._UnhookWindowsHookEx(self._hook)
del self._HOOKS[key]
@staticmethod
@_HOOKPROC
def _handler(code, msg, lpdata):
key = threading.current_thread().ident
self = SystemHook._HOOKS.get(key, None)
if self:
# pylint: disable=W0702; we want to silence errors
try:
self.on_hook(code, msg, lpdata)
except self.SuppressException:
# Return non-zero to stop event propagation
return 1
except:
# Ignore any errors
pass
# pylint: enable=W0702
return SystemHook._CallNextHookEx(0, code, msg, lpdata)
class ListenerMixin(object):
"""A mixin for *win32* event listeners.
Subclasses should set a value for :attr:`_EVENTS` and implement
:meth:`_handle_message`.
Subclasses must also be decorated with a decorator compatible with
:meth:`pynput._util.NotifierMixin._receiver` or implement the method
``_receive()``.
"""
#: The Windows hook ID for the events to capture.
_EVENTS = None
#: The window message used to signal that an even should be handled.
_WM_PROCESS = 0x410
#: Additional window messages to propagate to the subclass handler.
_WM_NOTIFICATIONS = []
def suppress_event(self):
"""Causes the currently filtered event to be suppressed.
This has a system wide effect and will generally result in no
applications receiving the event.
This method will raise an undefined exception.
"""
raise SystemHook.SuppressException()
def _run(self):
self._message_loop = MessageLoop()
with self._receive():
self._mark_ready()
self._message_loop.start()
# pylint: disable=W0702; we want to silence errors
try:
with SystemHook(self._EVENTS, self._handler):
# Just pump messages
for msg in self._message_loop:
if not self.running:
break
if msg.message == self._WM_PROCESS:
self._process(msg.wParam, msg.lParam)
elif msg.message in self._WM_NOTIFICATIONS:
self._on_notification(
msg.message, msg.wParam, msg.lParam)
except:
# This exception will have been passed to the main thread
pass
# pylint: enable=W0702
def _stop_platform(self):
try:
self._message_loop.stop()
except AttributeError:
# The loop may not have been created
pass
@AbstractListener._emitter
def _handler(self, code, msg, lpdata):
"""The callback registered with *Windows* for events.
This method will post the message :attr:`_WM_PROCESS` to the message
loop started with this listener using :meth:`MessageLoop.post`. The
parameters are retrieved with a call to :meth:`_handle`.
"""
try:
converted = self._convert(code, msg, lpdata)
if converted is not None:
self._message_loop.post(self._WM_PROCESS, *converted)
except NotImplementedError:
self._handle_message(code, msg, lpdata)
if self.suppress:
self.suppress_event()
def _convert(self, code, msg, lpdata):
"""The device specific callback handler.
This method converts a low-level message and data to a
``WPARAM`` / ``LPARAM`` pair.
"""
raise NotImplementedError()
def _process(self, wparam, lparam):
"""The device specific callback handler.
This method performs the actual dispatching of events.
"""
raise NotImplementedError()
def _handle_message(self, code, msg, lpdata):
"""The device specific callback handler.
This method calls the appropriate callback registered when this
listener was created based on the event.
This method is only called if :meth:`_convert` is not implemented.
"""
raise NotImplementedError()
def _on_notification(self, code, wparam, lparam):
"""An additional notification handler.
This method will be called for every message in
:attr:`_WM_NOTIFICATIONS`.
"""
raise NotImplementedError()
class KeyTranslator(object):
"""A class to translate virtual key codes to characters.
"""
_GetAsyncKeyState = ctypes.windll.user32.GetAsyncKeyState
_GetAsyncKeyState.argtypes = (
ctypes.c_int,)
_GetKeyboardLayout = ctypes.windll.user32.GetKeyboardLayout
_GetKeyboardLayout.argtypes = (
wintypes.DWORD,)
_GetKeyboardState = ctypes.windll.user32.GetKeyboardState
_GetKeyboardState.argtypes = (
ctypes.c_voidp,)
_GetKeyState = ctypes.windll.user32.GetAsyncKeyState
_GetKeyState.argtypes = (
ctypes.c_int,)
_MapVirtualKeyEx = ctypes.windll.user32.MapVirtualKeyExW
_MapVirtualKeyEx.argtypes = (
wintypes.UINT,
wintypes.UINT,
wintypes.HKL)
_ToUnicodeEx = ctypes.windll.user32.ToUnicodeEx
_ToUnicodeEx.argtypes = (
wintypes.UINT,
wintypes.UINT,
ctypes.c_voidp,
ctypes.c_voidp,
ctypes.c_int,
wintypes.UINT,
wintypes.HKL)
_MAPVK_VK_TO_VSC = 0
_MAPVK_VSC_TO_VK = 1
_MAPVK_VK_TO_CHAR = 2
def __init__(self):
self.update_layout()
def __call__(self, vk, is_press):
"""Converts a virtual key code to a string.
:param int vk: The virtual key code.
:param bool is_press: Whether this is a press.
:return: parameters suitable for the :class:`pynput.keyboard.KeyCode`
constructor
:raises OSError: if a call to any *win32* function fails
"""
# Get a string representation of the key
layout_data = self._layout_data[self._modifier_state()]
scan = self._to_scan(vk, self._layout)
character, is_dead = layout_data[scan]
return {
'char': character,
'is_dead': is_dead,
'vk': vk,
'_scan': scan}
def update_layout(self):
"""Updates the cached layout data.
"""
self._layout, self._layout_data = self._generate_layout()
def char_from_scan(self, scan):
"""Translates a scan code to a character, if possible.
:param int scan: The scan code to translate.
:return: maybe a character
:rtype: str or None
"""
return self._layout_data[(False, False, False)][scan][0]
def _generate_layout(self):
"""Generates the keyboard layout.
This method will call ``ToUnicodeEx``, which modifies kernel buffers,
so it must *not* be called from the keyboard hook.
The return value is the tuple ``(layout_handle, layout_data)``, where
``layout_data`` is a mapping from the tuple ``(shift, ctrl, alt)`` to
an array indexed by scan code containing the data
``(character, is_dead)``, and ``layout_handle`` is the handle of the
layout.
:return: a composite layout
"""
layout_data = {}
state = (ctypes.c_ubyte * 255)()
with self._thread_input() as active_thread:
layout = self._GetKeyboardLayout(active_thread)
vks = [
self._to_vk(scan, layout)
for scan in range(len(state))]
for shift, ctrl, alt in itertools.product(
(False, True), (False, True), (False, True)):
current = [(None, False)] * len(state)
layout_data[(shift, ctrl, alt)] = current
# Update the keyboard state based on the modifier state
state[VK.SHIFT] = 0x80 if shift else 0x00
state[VK.CONTROL] = 0x80 if ctrl else 0x00
state[VK.MENU] = 0x80 if alt else 0x00
# For each virtual key code...
out = (ctypes.wintypes.WCHAR * 5)()
for (scan, vk) in enumerate(vks):
# ...translate it to a unicode character
count = self._ToUnicodeEx(
vk, scan, ctypes.byref(state), ctypes.byref(out),
len(out), 0, layout)
# Cache the result if a key is mapped
if count != 0:
character = out[0]
is_dead = count < 0
current[scan] = (character, is_dead)
# If the key is dead, flush the keyboard state
if is_dead:
self._ToUnicodeEx(
vk, scan, ctypes.byref(state),
ctypes.byref(out), len(out), 0, layout)
return (layout, layout_data)
def _to_scan(self, vk, layout):
"""Retrieves the scan code for a virtual key code.
:param int vk: The virtual key code.
:param layout: The keyboard layout.
:return: the scan code
"""
return self._MapVirtualKeyEx(
vk, self._MAPVK_VK_TO_VSC, layout)
def _to_vk(self, scan, layout):
"""Retrieves the virtual key code for a scan code.
:param int vscan: The scan code.
:param layout: The keyboard layout.
:return: the virtual key code
"""
return self._MapVirtualKeyEx(
scan, self._MAPVK_VSC_TO_VK, layout)
def _modifier_state(self):
"""Returns a key into :attr:`_layout_data` for the current modifier
state.
:return: the current modifier state
"""
shift = bool(self._GetAsyncKeyState(VK.SHIFT) & 0x8000)
ctrl = bool(self._GetAsyncKeyState(VK.CONTROL) & 0x8000)
alt = bool(self._GetAsyncKeyState(VK.MENU) & 0x8000)
return (shift, ctrl, alt)
@contextlib.contextmanager
def _thread_input(self):
"""Yields the current thread ID.
"""
yield GetCurrentThreadId()

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# coding: utf-8
# pynput
# Copyright (C) 2015-2024 Moses Palmér
#
# This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under
# the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by the Free
# Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or (at your option) any
# later version.
#
# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
# ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS
# FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU Lesser General Public License for more
# details.
#
# You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
# along with this program. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
# pylint: disable=C0111,C0302
LBUTTON = 1
RBUTTON = 2
CANCEL = 3
MBUTTON = 4
XBUTTON1 = 5
XBUTTON2 = 6
BACK = 8
TAB = 9
CLEAR = 12
RETURN = 13
SHIFT = 16
CONTROL = 17
MENU = 18
PAUSE = 19
CAPITAL = 20
KANA = 21
HANGEUL = 21
HANGUL = 21
JUNJA = 23
FINAL = 24
HANJA = 25
KANJI = 25
ESCAPE = 27
CONVERT = 28
NONCONVERT = 29
ACCEPT = 30
MODECHANGE = 31
SPACE = 32
PRIOR = 33
NEXT = 34
END = 35
HOME = 36
LEFT = 37
UP = 38
RIGHT = 39
DOWN = 40
SELECT = 41
PRINT = 42
EXECUTE = 43
SNAPSHOT = 44
INSERT = 45
DELETE = 46
HELP = 47
LWIN = 91
RWIN = 92
APPS = 93
SLEEP = 95
NUMPAD0 = 96
NUMPAD1 = 97
NUMPAD2 = 98
NUMPAD3 = 99
NUMPAD4 = 100
NUMPAD5 = 101
NUMPAD6 = 102
NUMPAD7 = 103
NUMPAD8 = 104
NUMPAD9 = 105
MULTIPLY = 106
ADD = 107
SEPARATOR = 108
SUBTRACT = 109
DECIMAL = 110
DIVIDE = 111
F1 = 112
F2 = 113
F3 = 114
F4 = 115
F5 = 116
F6 = 117
F7 = 118
F8 = 119
F9 = 120
F10 = 121
F11 = 122
F12 = 123
F13 = 124
F14 = 125
F15 = 126
F16 = 127
F17 = 128
F18 = 129
F19 = 130
F20 = 131
F21 = 132
F22 = 133
F23 = 134
F24 = 135
NUMLOCK = 144
SCROLL = 145
OEM_NEC_EQUAL = 146
OEM_FJ_JISHO = 146
OEM_FJ_MASSHOU = 147
OEM_FJ_TOUROKU = 148
OEM_FJ_LOYA = 149
OEM_FJ_ROYA = 150
LSHIFT = 160
RSHIFT = 161
LCONTROL = 162
RCONTROL = 163
LMENU = 164
RMENU = 165
BROWSER_BACK = 166
BROWSER_FORWARD = 167
BROWSER_REFRESH = 168
BROWSER_STOP = 169
BROWSER_SEARCH = 170
BROWSER_FAVORITES = 171
BROWSER_HOME = 172
VOLUME_MUTE = 173
VOLUME_DOWN = 174
VOLUME_UP = 175
MEDIA_NEXT_TRACK = 176
MEDIA_PREV_TRACK = 177
MEDIA_STOP = 178
MEDIA_PLAY_PAUSE = 179
LAUNCH_MAIL = 180
LAUNCH_MEDIA_SELECT = 181
LAUNCH_APP1 = 182
LAUNCH_APP2 = 183
OEM_1 = 186
OEM_PLUS = 187
OEM_COMMA = 188
OEM_MINUS = 189
OEM_PERIOD = 190
OEM_2 = 191
OEM_3 = 192
OEM_4 = 219
OEM_5 = 220
OEM_6 = 221
OEM_7 = 222
OEM_8 = 223
OEM_AX = 225
OEM_102 = 226
ICO_HELP = 227
ICO_00 = 228
PROCESSKEY = 229
ICO_CLEAR = 230
PACKET = 231
OEM_RESET = 233
OEM_JUMP = 234
OEM_PA1 = 235
OEM_PA2 = 236
OEM_PA3 = 237
OEM_WSCTRL = 238
OEM_CUSEL = 239
OEM_ATTN = 240
OEM_FINISH = 241
OEM_COPY = 242
OEM_AUTO = 243
OEM_ENLW = 244
OEM_BACKTAB = 245
ATTN = 246
CRSEL = 247
EXSEL = 248
EREOF = 249
PLAY = 250
ZOOM = 251
NONAME = 252
PA1 = 253
OEM_CLEAR = 254

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# coding=utf-8
# pynput
# Copyright (C) 2015-2024 Moses Palmér
#
# This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under
# the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by the Free
# Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or (at your option) any
# later version.
#
# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
# ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS
# FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU Lesser General Public License for more
# details.
#
# You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
# along with this program. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
"""
Utility functions and classes for the *Xorg* backend.
"""
# pylint: disable=R0903
# We implement stubs
import contextlib
import functools
import itertools
import operator
import Xlib.display
import Xlib.keysymdef
import Xlib.threaded
import Xlib.XK
from . import AbstractListener
from .xorg_keysyms import SYMBOLS
# Create a display to verify that we have an X connection
def _check_and_initialize():
display = Xlib.display.Display()
display.close()
for group in Xlib.keysymdef.__all__:
Xlib.XK.load_keysym_group(group)
_check_and_initialize()
del _check_and_initialize
class X11Error(Exception):
"""An error that is thrown at the end of a code block managed by a
:func:`display_manager` if an *X11* error occurred.
"""
pass
@contextlib.contextmanager
def display_manager(display):
"""Traps *X* errors and raises an :class:``X11Error`` at the end if any
error occurred.
This handler also ensures that the :class:`Xlib.display.Display` being
managed is sync'd.
:param Xlib.display.Display display: The *X* display.
:return: the display
:rtype: Xlib.display.Display
"""
errors = []
def handler(*args):
"""The *Xlib* error handler.
"""
errors.append(args)
old_handler = display.set_error_handler(handler)
try:
yield display
display.sync()
finally:
display.set_error_handler(old_handler)
if errors:
raise X11Error(errors)
def _find_mask(display, symbol):
"""Returns the mode flags to use for a modifier symbol.
:param Xlib.display.Display display: The *X* display.
:param str symbol: The name of the symbol.
:return: the modifier mask
"""
# Get the key code for the symbol
modifier_keycode = display.keysym_to_keycode(
Xlib.XK.string_to_keysym(symbol))
for index, keycodes in enumerate(display.get_modifier_mapping()):
for keycode in keycodes:
if keycode == modifier_keycode:
return 1 << index
return 0
def alt_mask(display):
"""Returns the *alt* mask flags.
The first time this function is called for a display, the value is cached.
Subsequent calls will return the cached value.
:param Xlib.display.Display display: The *X* display.
:return: the modifier mask
"""
if not hasattr(display, '__alt_mask'):
display.__alt_mask = _find_mask(display, 'Alt_L')
return display.__alt_mask
def alt_gr_mask(display):
"""Returns the *alt* mask flags.
The first time this function is called for a display, the value is cached.
Subsequent calls will return the cached value.
:param Xlib.display.Display display: The *X* display.
:return: the modifier mask
"""
if not hasattr(display, '__altgr_mask'):
display.__altgr_mask = _find_mask(display, 'Mode_switch')
return display.__altgr_mask
def numlock_mask(display):
"""Returns the *numlock* mask flags.
The first time this function is called for a display, the value is cached.
Subsequent calls will return the cached value.
:param Xlib.display.Display display: The *X* display.
:return: the modifier mask
"""
if not hasattr(display, '__numlock_mask'):
display.__numlock_mask = _find_mask(display, 'Num_Lock')
return display.__numlock_mask
def keysym_is_latin_upper(keysym):
"""Determines whether a *keysym* is an upper case *latin* character.
This is true only if ``XK_A`` <= ``keysym`` <= ` XK_Z``.
:param in keysym: The *keysym* to check.
"""
return Xlib.XK.XK_A <= keysym <= Xlib.XK.XK_Z
def keysym_is_latin_lower(keysym):
"""Determines whether a *keysym* is a lower case *latin* character.
This is true only if ``XK_a`` <= ``keysym`` <= ` XK_z``.
:param in keysym: The *keysym* to check.
"""
return Xlib.XK.XK_a <= keysym <= Xlib.XK.XK_z
def keysym_group(ks1, ks2):
"""Generates a group from two *keysyms*.
The implementation of this function comes from:
Within each group, if the second element of the group is ``NoSymbol``,
then the group should be treated as if the second element were the same
as the first element, except when the first element is an alphabetic
*KeySym* ``K`` for which both lowercase and uppercase forms are
defined.
In that case, the group should be treated as if the first element were
the lowercase form of ``K`` and the second element were the uppercase
form of ``K``.
This function assumes that *alphabetic* means *latin*; this assumption
appears to be consistent with observations of the return values from
``XGetKeyboardMapping``.
:param ks1: The first *keysym*.
:param ks2: The second *keysym*.
:return: a tuple conforming to the description above
"""
if ks2 == Xlib.XK.NoSymbol:
if keysym_is_latin_upper(ks1):
return (Xlib.XK.XK_a + ks1 - Xlib.XK.XK_A, ks1)
elif keysym_is_latin_lower(ks1):
return (ks1, Xlib.XK.XK_A + ks1 - Xlib.XK.XK_a)
else:
return (ks1, ks1)
else:
return (ks1, ks2)
def keysym_normalize(keysym):
"""Normalises a list of *keysyms*.
The implementation of this function comes from:
If the list (ignoring trailing ``NoSymbol`` entries) is a single
*KeySym* ``K``, then the list is treated as if it were the list
``K NoSymbol K NoSymbol``.
If the list (ignoring trailing ``NoSymbol`` entries) is a pair of
*KeySyms* ``K1 K2``, then the list is treated as if it were the list
``K1 K2 K1 K2``.
If the list (ignoring trailing ``NoSymbol`` entries) is a triple of
*KeySyms* ``K1 K2 K3``, then the list is treated as if it were the list
``K1 K2 K3 NoSymbol``.
This function will also group the *keysyms* using :func:`keysym_group`.
:param keysyms: A list of keysyms.
:return: the tuple ``(group_1, group_2)`` or ``None``
"""
# Remove trailing NoSymbol
stripped = list(reversed(list(
itertools.dropwhile(
lambda n: n == Xlib.XK.NoSymbol,
reversed(keysym)))))
if not stripped:
return
elif len(stripped) == 1:
return (
keysym_group(stripped[0], Xlib.XK.NoSymbol),
keysym_group(stripped[0], Xlib.XK.NoSymbol))
elif len(stripped) == 2:
return (
keysym_group(stripped[0], stripped[1]),
keysym_group(stripped[0], stripped[1]))
elif len(stripped) == 3:
return (
keysym_group(stripped[0], stripped[1]),
keysym_group(stripped[2], Xlib.XK.NoSymbol))
elif len(stripped) >= 6:
# TODO: Find out why this is necessary; using only the documented
# behaviour may lead to only a US layout being used?
return (
keysym_group(stripped[0], stripped[1]),
keysym_group(stripped[4], stripped[5]))
else:
return (
keysym_group(stripped[0], stripped[1]),
keysym_group(stripped[2], stripped[3]))
def index_to_shift(display, index):
"""Converts an index in a *key code* list to the corresponding shift state.
:param Xlib.display.Display display: The display for which to retrieve the
shift mask.
:param int index: The keyboard mapping *key code* index.
:return: a shift mask
"""
return (
(1 << 0 if index & 1 else 0) |
(alt_gr_mask(display) if index & 2 else 0))
def shift_to_index(display, shift):
"""Converts an index in a *key code* list to the corresponding shift state.
:param Xlib.display.Display display: The display for which to retrieve the
shift mask.
:param int index: The keyboard mapping *key code* index.
:return: a shift mask
"""
return (
(1 if shift & 1 else 0) +
(2 if shift & alt_gr_mask(display) else 0))
def keyboard_mapping(display):
"""Generates a mapping from *keysyms* to *key codes* and required
modifier shift states.
:param Xlib.display.Display display: The display for which to retrieve the
keyboard mapping.
:return: the keyboard mapping
"""
mapping = {}
shift_mask = 1 << 0
group_mask = alt_gr_mask(display)
# Iterate over all keysym lists in the keyboard mapping
min_keycode = display.display.info.min_keycode
keycode_count = display.display.info.max_keycode - min_keycode + 1
for index, keysyms in enumerate(display.get_keyboard_mapping(
min_keycode, keycode_count)):
key_code = index + min_keycode
# Normalise the keysym list to yield a tuple containing the two groups
normalized = keysym_normalize(keysyms)
if not normalized:
continue
# Iterate over the groups to extract the shift and modifier state
for groups, group in zip(normalized, (False, True)):
for keysym, shift in zip(groups, (False, True)):
if not keysym:
continue
shift_state = 0 \
| (shift_mask if shift else 0) \
| (group_mask if group else 0)
# Prefer already known lesser shift states
if keysym in mapping and mapping[keysym][1] < shift_state:
continue
mapping[keysym] = (key_code, shift_state)
return mapping
def char_to_keysym(char):
"""Converts a unicode character to a *keysym*.
:param str char: The unicode character.
:return: the corresponding *keysym*, or ``0`` if it cannot be found
"""
ordinal = ord(char)
if ordinal < 0x100:
return ordinal
else:
return ordinal | 0x01000000
def symbol_to_keysym(symbol):
"""Converts a symbol name to a *keysym*.
:param str symbol: The name of the symbol.
:return: the corresponding *keysym*, or ``0`` if it cannot be found
"""
# First try simple translation, the try a module attribute of
# Xlib.keysymdef.xkb and fall back on our pre-generated table
return (0
or Xlib.XK.string_to_keysym(symbol)
or getattr(Xlib.keysymdef.xkb, "XK_" + symbol, 0)
or SYMBOLS.get(symbol, (0,))[0])
class ListenerMixin(object):
"""A mixin for *X* event listeners.
Subclasses should set a value for :attr:`_EVENTS` and implement
:meth:`_handle_message`.
"""
#: The events for which to listen
_EVENTS = tuple()
#: We use this instance for parsing the binary data
_EVENT_PARSER = Xlib.protocol.rq.EventField(None)
def _run(self):
self._display_stop = Xlib.display.Display()
self._display_record = Xlib.display.Display()
self._stopped = False
with display_manager(self._display_record) as dm:
self._context = dm.record_create_context(
0,
[Xlib.ext.record.AllClients],
[{
'core_requests': (0, 0),
'core_replies': (0, 0),
'ext_requests': (0, 0, 0, 0),
'ext_replies': (0, 0, 0, 0),
'delivered_events': (0, 0),
'device_events': self._EVENTS,
'errors': (0, 0),
'client_started': False,
'client_died': False}])
# pylint: disable=W0702; we want to silence errors
try:
self._initialize(self._display_stop)
self._mark_ready()
if self.suppress:
with display_manager(self._display_stop) as dm:
self._suppress_start(dm)
self._display_record.record_enable_context(
self._context, self._handler)
except:
# This exception will have been passed to the main thread
pass
finally:
if self.suppress:
with display_manager(self._display_stop) as dm:
self._suppress_stop(dm)
self._display_stop.record_disable_context(self._context)
self._display_stop.flush()
self._display_record.record_free_context(self._context)
self._display_stop.close()
self._display_record.close()
# pylint: enable=W0702
def _stop_platform(self):
if not hasattr(self, '_context'):
self.wait()
# Do this asynchronously to avoid deadlocks
self._display_record.record_disable_context(self._context)
def _suppress_start(self, display):
"""Starts suppressing events.
:param Xlib.display.Display display: The display for which to suppress
events.
"""
raise NotImplementedError()
def _suppress_stop(self, display):
"""Starts suppressing events.
:param Xlib.display.Display display: The display for which to suppress
events.
"""
raise NotImplementedError()
@property
def _event_mask(self):
"""The event mask.
"""
return functools.reduce(operator.__or__, self._EVENTS, 0)
@AbstractListener._emitter
def _handler(self, events):
"""The callback registered with *X* for mouse events.
This method will parse the response and call the callbacks registered
on initialisation.
:param events: The events passed by *X*. This is a binary block
parsable by :attr:`_EVENT_PARSER`.
"""
if not self.running:
raise self.StopException()
data = events.data
while data and len(data):
event, data = self._EVENT_PARSER.parse_binary_value(
data, self._display_record.display, None, None)
injected = event.send_event
self._handle_message(self._display_stop, event, injected)
def _initialize(self, display):
"""Initialises this listener.
This method is called immediately before the event loop, from the
handler thread.
:param display: The display being used.
"""
pass
def _handle_message(self, display, event, injected):
"""The device specific callback handler.
This method calls the appropriate callback registered when this
listener was created based on the event.
:param display: The display being used.
:param event: The event.
:param bool injected: Whether the event was injected.
"""
pass

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